The new skills have potential in areas ranging from DNA chips to the diagnosis of skin cancer, laser surgery, explosive detection, and so on. Information and communication skills, including wireless communications, high-speed data processing and satellite communications, will also benefit from this skill. Together, the Bose terahertz laser can work with traditional LED, which is a new method, which will be conducive to the miniaturization of new optical chips, thus helping to develop new equipment and further expand the use.
Advantages of laser welding
Laser welding has the characteristics of high welding strength and speed and low reject rate, which is widely used in modern manufacturing industry. In jewelry manufacturing industry, compared with traditional welding skills, laser welding has obvious advantages.
1. High speed, high strength, small deformation, no orthopedic and finishing after welding.
The biggest reason for jewelry manufacturing enterprises to widely use laser welding technology is that the welding speed is fast and the deformation is small, and there is no need for orthopedic and finishing after welding. Although the operator's hand-held welding fixture can only weld one piece faster than the conventional welding fixture. Because most of the jewelry laser welding workshop is not big, can not deal with a lot of operations, so the welding time will be slightly increased. But after welding, due to the reduction of finishing operations, the time saved is enough to compensate for the welding time. Laser welding can be carried out under the protection of inert gas, which will not leave fire spots on the products. Therefore, there is no need to add auxiliary solvent and acid treatment after welding. In general, the production power of laser welding is higher.
2. Welding precision workpiece properly can ensure the quality of workpiece.
Because the laser beam collection can obtain very small spot and accurate positioning, it is suitable for large-scale automatic production. Not only the production power is improved, but also the heat affected zone is small, and the solder joint has no pollution, which greatly improves the welding quality and reduces the reject rate. For example, for the 14K alloy jewelry with 58% Au and 2% Ag, flame welding and annealing of Ag will reduce the overall hardness of jewelry by about half from HV = 145. If it drops from waist height, dents will fall on the ground. The low-power, high-speed laser welding, because of heat convergence, the workpiece will not occur annealing, so it will not affect the strength of the workpiece.
3. High installation precision is helpful to develop new jewelry production technology.
Because of the introduction of laser welding technology in jewelry industry, people's traditional jewelry design ideas and methods have been changed. With laser welding skills, we can make some jewelry styles with special structure. In the past, due to the constraints of traditional welding skills, these special structures of jewelry were difficult to complete or could not meet the quality requirements. Laser welding can be carried out in a very narrow area, which makes it easier to weld different types of alloy data together. Therefore, the color or arrangement between the two components can change suddenly without mixing with each other. The narrow working area of laser welding makes it different from the traditional welding skills in wettability, connection integrity and grain size of heat affected zone.
4. Good consistency and stability. Generally, without filling metal and flux, the operation part can be melted and directly welded.
5. It can simplify the repair operation of the workpiece, such as repairing the metal close to the gem and removing the holes in the casting, etc.; it can also weld the parts with a disorderly distance of 0.2mm from the thermal sensitive parts, such as hinges, hooks, fasteners, inlays, etc.
6. Do not pollute the environment. In the process of laser welding, there is no need to use solder, solvent, and chemical solvent to clean the workpiece, so there is no problem of waste disposal.
7. It can save metal data. When using the traditional welding skills, the metal thickness is generally 0.2mm; while using laser welding, the thickness can be reduced to 0.1mm, so the weight of jewelry can be reduced by 35% ~ 40%, which is particularly important for electroforming products. Laser welding not only can save precious metal data, but also can save solder, and in multiple welding, do not use different types of solder.
1.2 features
The laser welding machine commonly used in jewelry manufacturing industry has low power, the most secure, compact and easy to move structural features, the operator can sit comfortably beside the machine to operate.
A typical jewelry laser welding machine can weld most metals and alloys quickly, reliably and accurately, but its power largely depends on the function of the target data. The continuous composition or repair of castings can be completed by one or more laser pulses under visual control. Generally, one pulse lasts for 1 ~ 20ms. The welding position can be accurately located by using stereo microscope and cross line, and the orientation of workpiece can be adjusted in the field of view. The working environment is usually atmospheric atmosphere. If air or inert gas is injected into the working area, it can play a cooling role, and inert gas can also improve the welding quality of the alloy.
1.3 effect of alloy data on laser welding
Different alloy data have different effects on laser welding. Under the condition of the same control parameters of laser welding machine and the same heat transferred by each welding pulse, the ablation effect of buying a pulse is different because the share of heat absorbed by the surface of alloy data is different (not the share of reflected heat energy). The detailed influencing factors include the heat from room temperature to melting point, melting point, latent heat of ablation and thermal conductivity. Different data have different thermal conductivity, ablation temperature and crystallization latent heat. When these factors are combined, they will have a significant impact on the energy required for useful welding. Only when the external surface has absorbed enough heat, can welding be carried out.
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