Analysis of the operation principle of CO 2 laser tube: like other molecular lasers, the working principle of CO 2 laser tube is also disordered.
One is that molecules have three different motions, namely, the motion of electrons in molecules, which determines the electronic energy states of molecules;
The second is the atomic oscillation in the molecule, that is, the atom in the molecule oscillates periodically around its equilibrium position, which is determined by the oscillating energy state of the molecule;
The third is the molecular rotation, that is, the molecules rotate continuously in space as a whole. The molecular motion determines the rotational energy state of molecules. The molecular motion is extremely chaotic, so are the energy levels. CO2 molecule is a linear symmetric molecule. Two oxygen atoms are on both sides of carbon atom, which indicates the equilibrium position of the atom. The atoms in the molecule are always in motion and oscillate around their equilibrium positions.
According to the molecular oscillation theory, there are three different oscillation methods for CO2
① Two oxygen atoms oscillate in the opposite direction along the molecular axis, that is, the two oxygen atoms reach the maximum value and equilibrium value of the oscillation together in the oscillation, while the carbon atom in the molecule is still, so its oscillation is called symmetric oscillation.
② Two oxygen atoms oscillate perpendicular to the molecular axis in the same direction, while carbon atoms oscillate in the opposite direction perpendicular to the molecular axis. Because the oscillation of three atoms is synchronous, it is also called deformation oscillation.
③ Three atoms oscillate along the axis of symmetry, in which the oscillation direction of carbon atom is opposite to that of two oxygen atoms. In these three different oscillation methods, the energy levels of different groups are determined.